Glossary of Filtration Technologies: G

GAMP - The Good Automated Manufacturing Practice

The Good Automated Manufacturing Practice for Validation of Automated Systems in the Pharmaceutical and the Bio-pharmaceutical industries. GAMP was founded in 1991 by a core of pharmaceutical experts in the UK who were interested in meeting evolving FDA expectations for GMP compliance of manufacturing and related systems. In 1994, GAMP partnered with ISPE to publish the first GAMP guidelines and to run training seminars. GAMP quickly became influential throughout Europe as the quality of its work was recognized internationally, and in 2000 GAMP Americas was founded. Also in 2000, GAMP became formally affiliated with ISPE as a technical sub-committee within the ISPE organization. Partnering with ISPE, GAMP has become the acknowledged expert body when it comes to computer system validation issues. As the organization matured the scope of its interest and expertise has expanded to include the preclinical and clinical arenas. GEA Filtration can supply GAMP validated controls and automations systems if required.

Gasification

Gasification is the conversion of a substance into a gas. The conversion of coal, petroleum or biomass into a gas mixture containing carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of oxygen. The gas mixture produced (syngas) can then be treated with steam to produce more hydrogen. Gasification is a chemical or heat process to convert coal, biomass, wastes, or other carbon containing materials into a gaseous form that can be burned to generate power or processed into chemicals and fuels. Note that the gasification occurs through chemical reactions at high temperature and often at high pressure.

GEA

As per January 2006, GEA stands for Global Engineering Alliance and underlines the fact that the company is a multinational technology group. Revenue totaled approximately EUR 4.1 billion in 2004. GEA Group AG is listed in the MDax and, with a market capitalization well in excess of EUR 1.5 billion, is one of the largest companies in this index. When the company was founded in heart of the Ruhr Area in 1920, GEA was short for Gesellschaft fuer Entstaubungs-Anlagen mbH.

Gelatin

Gelatin is a water soluble high molecular weight protein (20 to 250 KD). Gelatin (a.k.a. gelatine) is a colorless, odorless and flavorless agent made from proteins from animal bones and connective tissues as well as from certain algae. When gelatin is dissolved in a hot liquid and then cooled it forms a clear jelly which can be used as a thickener and stabilizer in molded desserts, cold soups, ice-cream, etc. Other typical uses of gelatin includes:

as a fining agent in beer and wine; as a medium for suspending light-sensitive crystals on photographic film; in the production gel-caps (gelatin capsules) in the pharmaceutical industry.

GEA Filtration has supplied membrane filtration systems to the gelatin industry for the following applications: purification, concentration, deashing, and water recovery. A related GEA company, GEA Process Engineering Inc., has also supplied different solutions to the gelatin industry including spray dryers, evaporators and powder blenders.

Gerber test

test to determine amount of fat in milk.

Ghee

concentrated milk fat prepared by melting butter, decanting the fat after gravity separation from the serum, and driving off most of the remaining moisture by heating. About 1 percent moisture remains. It is used mostly in Asia and Africa.

Glycomacropeptide (GMP)

Glycomacropeptide is a casein-derived peptide found in cheese whey with anti-microbial capabilities. Glycomacropeptide (GMP) is missing the amino acid phenylalanine, which makes it a useful protein for individuals with the disease phenylketonuria (PKU).

GMO - genetically modified organism

Genetically modified organisms (GMO's) are created through the introduction of desired traits via genetic engineering. "Desired traits" typically include areas like increased nutritional value, faster growth, higher yields, and disease and pest resistance.

GEA Filtration is a world leading supplier of membrane filtration systems to the food, dairy, food ingredients, nutraceutical, nutritional, chemical, carbohydrate (starch, starch sweeteners, sugar, etc.), brewery, beverage, biotechnology, pharmaceutical industries as well as numerous water and wastewater applications.