- Pasteurization
- Named for 19th century French scientist Louis Pasteur who discovered the process. Heating of a specific food enough to destroy the most heat-resistant pathogenic or disease-causing microorganism known to be associated with that food - in other words, a process for destroying disease-causing microorganisms in food without diminishing the quality of the food - milk, juices, beer, and ciders are usually pasteurized.
- Pasteurizer
- A device for pasteurizing product. Pasteurizing is performed to extend the shelf life of product with minimal impact on flavor. This operation is carried out by heating the beer or beverage - holding it for a prescribed time within a temperature range and then cooling it to a level applicable to the next part of the process. The Time-Temperature curve can be described in terms of PU accumulation.
- PAT - FDA's Process Analytical Technology initiative
- The goal of PAT is to understand and control the manufacturing process, which is consistent with our current drug quality system: quality cannot be tested into products; it should be built-in or should be by design.
- PDA - Parenteral Drug Association
- PDA is the leading global provider of science, technology, regulatory information and education for the pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical community. Founded in 1946 as a nonprofit organization, PDA is committed to developing scientifically sound, practical technical information and resources to advance science and regulation through the expertise of its more than 10,000 members worldwide. PSD is dedicated to the advancement of pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical science and technology; global sharing of knowledge and innovation; and to creating a healthier tomorrow. GEA Filtration and Niro often have presenters at the PDA conferences and occasionally we exhibit at the PDA events.
- Pectin
- Pectin is naturally found in fruits and vegetables. Pectin is used as a thickener in jellies and jams and can be obtained in both liquid and dry forms.
- Peptide
- An amide bond is somewhat shorter than a typical carbon-nitrogen single bond, are the family of molecules formed from the linking, in a defined order, of various amino acids.
- Permeable
- Capable of being permeated, having pores or openings that permit liquids or gases to pass through
- Permeate
- The non concentrated resultant products during filtration. Product which has passed through the membrane.
- Permeate Carrier
- The material used as the carrier for the permeate fluid.
- Permeate Diafiltration (PDF)
- A DF process that aims to remove the serum protein from skim milk without changing the normal level of lactose and soluble minerals in the MF Retentate. The process consists of diluting the MF concentrate with UF permeate and continues the separate process until a satisfactory extent of serum protein removal is achieved.
- Permeable
- Permitting passage of a substance through a membrane.
- Pervaporation
- Pervaporation is a method for the separation of mixtures by partial vaporization through a semipermeable membrane. Pervaporation is effective for diluting solutions containing trace amounts of the component to be removed. Pervaporations is a good alternative to distillation for liquid mixtures that require a gentle processing step.
- Petroleum Distillate
- Petroleum distillate is the hydrocarbon solvents derived from crude oil by distillation.
- pH
- pH - (from potential of Hydrogen) Is a numbering system from 1 - 14 for determining solutions alkali or acid strength. 7 is neutral and greater than 7 is more basic and less than 7 is more acidic.
- Phosphates
- A phosphate, in inorganic chemistry, is a salt of phosphoric acid. Phosphates are used for water softening and detergency.
- PMMI The Packaging Machinery Manufacturers Institute
- The Packaging Machinery Manufacturers Institute (PMMI) is a trade association whose more than 500 general members manufacture packaging and packaging-related converting machinery in the United States and Canada. PMMI's thirteen supplier members manufacture commercially available packaging machinery components. PMMI's vision is to be the leading global resource for packaging. Its mission is to improve and promote members' abilities to meet the needs of their customers. PMMI members are globally renowned for making the highest quality equipment, offering responsive service and committing to meeting their customers' needs. That is why one out of every four machines sold around the world is made by a PMMI member company.
- Polymeric
- Of, relating to, or consisting of a polymer. Compounds having the same elements combined in the same proportion but different molecular weights.
- Pore Size
- The membrane cross sectional passage size.
- Precipitation
- Precipitation is the formation of a solid in a solution during a chemical reaction. When the chemical reaction occurs the solid formed is called the precipitate. This can occur when an insoluble substance, the precipitate, is formed in the solution due to a reaction or when the solution has been supersaturated by a compound. The formation of a precipitate is a sign of a chemical change. In most situations, the solid forms out of the solute phase, and sinks to the bottom of the solution. It will of course float if it is less dense than the solvent. This effect is useful in many industrial and scientific applications whereby a chemical reaction may produce a solid that can be collected from the solution by various purification/separation systems and technologies such filtration, decanting, centrifuging, or concentration.
- Pressure drop
- The loss of pressure between inlet and outlet of a membrane system, a housing (pressure vessel) or a membrane element.
- Protein purification
- Protein purification is the process step of isolating proteins from cell and tissue components, DNA, cell membrane and other proteins.
- Proteins
- Proteins are essential for all living cells and include many substances, such as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies. Proteins are necessary for the proper functioning of any organism. Proteins have a high molecular weight (which is important to the membrane filtration process) and consist essentially of combinations of amino acids in peptide linkages (a.k.a. a peptide bond.). Around 20 different amino acids are typically found in proteins and each protein has an associated (and unique and genetically defined) amino acid which has a specific sequence that determines its role, shape and purpose. Although this genetic code specifies 20 "standard" amino acids, the excess deposit in a protein are often altered in post-translational modification (is the chemical change of a protein): either before the protein can function in the cell, or as part of control mechanisms. Many proteins are enzymes that catalyze biochemical reactions. For further information please access "The Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Testing" page http://www.preimplantationgenetictesting.com/Genetic_Glossary.htm and Wikipedia page http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein.
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