Glossary of Filtration Technologies: R

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Rapeseed: Rapeseed is one of the most common feedstock used for biodiesel production.
Reciprocating Compressor: Reciprocating Compressor is a type of compressor typically used in air conditioners that compress refrigerant by using a type of "piston" action.
Recovery: Generally described as a percentage. Used with the reverse osmosis systems. Calculated as the permeate flow rate divided by the fee flow rate and multiplied by 100.
Rectification: A process of re-distillation (a second distillation) used for some essential oils to remove particular constituents (such as color, water, resinous matter, solvents, etc.). Rectification is the process of removing undesirable elements, purification.
Rejection: Generally described as a percentage of salt rejection in a reverse osmosis membrane. Calculated as the percentage of salt which is held back by the membrane. R=1-(Cp/Cb) where R= Rejection, Cp=Concentration in Permeate, Cb=Concentration in Retentate
Rennet: An enzyme added to milk as the first step in the cheese making process. The enzyme reacts with k-casein on the surface of the casein micelle particles in the milk. This in the presence of calcium ions causes the coagulation of the casein micelles to form a curd.
Reverse Osmosis (RO): A separation process using a semi permeable living cell membrane where only water can pass through. This process requires hydraulic pressure higher than osmonic pressure to diffuse water in the opposite direction (toward the higher concentration). Typical processes might be in concentrating Whey, polishing water where impurities are concentrated resulting in a more pure water.
Retentate: The product retained during the filtration process. The product held back by the membrane. (also known as concentrate)

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