- Waste heat recovery
- Waste heat recovery covers all conservation system whereby some space heating or water heating is done by actively capturing byproduct heat that would otherwise be ejected into the environment. In commercial buildings, sources of water- heat recovery include refrigeration/air-conditioner compressors, manufacturing or other processes, data processing centers, lighting fixtures, ventilation exhaust air, and the occupants themselves. Not to be considered is the passive use of radiant heat from lighting, workers, motors, ovens, etc., when there are no special systems for collecting and redistributing heat.
- Water Diafiltration (WDF)
- A DF process that aims at improving the recovery of membrane-permeable solutes during UF or MF. The process consists of diluting the concentrate with water and continues the separation process until a satisfactory extent of solute removal is achieved.
- Wet Distillers Grain (WDG)
- A co-product of drymill ethanol production and a valuable feed for livestock. Wet distillers grain (WDG) is not as easily transportable, but the cost of drying the product is removed.
- Whey
- The milk serum protein of milk can be converted to a sellable product such as Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC), and Whey Protein Isolate (WPI).
- Whey Protein
- The first step in making cheese is to curdle the milk. The whey is the watery liquid that separates from the curds. Whey is often considered a waste-product of cheese making. Whey protein is the name for a collection of globular proteins that can be isolated from the whey. It is a mixture of beta-lactoglobulin (~65%), alpha-lactalbumin (~25%), and serum albumin (~8%), which are soluble in their native forms. When dried and powdered, it is considered a good source of protein.
- Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
- Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) is when the whey protein is filtered to remove any lactose, fat, and carbohydrates from the original protein.
- Whey protein fractions (WPF)
- Whey proteins can be separated into individual component proteins that offer benefits of their own. Frequently used processes of separating proteins includes ion exchange, membrane filtration, and mechanical separation (separators/clarifiers) to capture the proteins, which are then washed free of impurities such as lactose, minerals and fat. The proteins can then be separated into purified fractions or left in aggregate to comprise whey protein isolate.
- Wort
- The term used for the beer before the yeast is added. The solution of grain sugars strained from the mash tun. At this stage it is known as "sweet wort", later as brewed wort, fermenting wort and finally beer.
- Yeast
- Yeast is single-celled organism. Yeast is a micro-organism that produces the enzymes which convert sugar to alcohol. Many biochemical properties of yeast are similar to those of higher organisms. Yeast is a living organism used in the production of bread and beer. Yeast, in the environment of sugar, produces carbon dioxide and alcohol - this process is called fermentation.
- Zeolite
- Zeolites are minerals that have a micro-porous structure. Quite common mineral zeolites includes: analcime, chabazite, natrolite, phillipsite, and stilbite. Zeolites are the aluminosilicate members of the family of microporous solids known as "molecular sieves". Zeolites are widely used as ion-exchange beds in domestic and commercial water purification, softening, and other applications. In chemistry, zeolites are used to separate molecules (only molecules of certain sizes and shapes can pass through), as traps for molecules so they can be analyzed.
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